11 Facts About Earthquakes

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1. Natural events such as volcanic eruptions and meteor impacts can cause earthquakes, but the majority of naturally-occurring earthquakes are triggered by movement of the earth's plates.^[U.S. Geological Survey. "Plate tectonics and people." USGS Publications. Accessed February 26, 2014, http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/tectonics.html.]
2. The earth's surface consists of 20 constantly moving plates. The pressure increase from shifting plates can cause the crust to break. This break allows stress to be released as energy, which moves through the earth in the form of waves (aka earthquakes).^[Read, Herbert Harold; Watson, Janet (1975). Introduction to Geology. New York: Halsted. pp. 13–15. ISBN 978-0-470-71165-1. OCLC 317775677. Accessed February 26, 2014.]
3. Normally, it's not the shaking ground itself that claims lives during an earthquake. It's the associated destruction of man-made structures and the instigation of other natural disasters such as tsunamis, avalanches and landslides. Not only is it important to have a plan for yourself in the case of an earthquake, but your pets need a disaster plan as well. Create an earthquake plan for the animals around so if disaster strikes, you’ll be prepared. Sign up for Save Our Pets.^[National Atlas of the United States. "Article." Geologic Hazards. Accessed February 26, 2014, http://nationalatlas.gov/articles/geology/a_geohazards.html.]
4. The National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC) records an average of 20,000 earthquakes every year (about 50 a day) around the world. There are, however, millions of earthquakes estimated to occur every year that are too weak to be recorded.^[FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY. "Semisonic Sleuths." AMERICAN GEOPHYSICAL UNION. Accessed February 26, 2014, http://www.fema.gov/media-library-data/20130726-1646-20490-4697/fema253.pdf.]
5. Each year the southern California area has about 10,000 earthquakes -- the majority of which go unnoticed. However, if there is a large earthquake the aftershock sequence will produce many more earthquakes of all magnitudes for months.^[U.S. Geological Survey. "Earthquake Facts." Earthquake Hazards Program. Accessed February 26, 2014, http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/facts.php.]
6. Almost 80% of all the planet's earthquakes occur along the rim of the Pacific Ocean, called the "Ring of Fire"; a region that encircles the Pacific Ocean and is home to 452 volcanoes (over 75% of the world's active and dormant volcanoes).^[National Geographic Society. "Earthquakes." National Geographic. Accessed March 2, 2014. http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/natural-disasters/earthquake-profile/.]
7. The largest recorded earthquake in the United States was a magnitude 9.2 that struck Prince William Sound, Alaska on March 28, 1964.^[U.S. Geological Survey. "Historic Earthquakes." Earthquake Hazards Program. Accessed February 26, 2014, http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/states/events/1964_03_28.php.]
8. The largest recorded earthquake in the world was a magnitude 9.5 in Chile on May 22, 1960.^[U.S. Geological Survey. "Historic Earthquakes:Chile ." Earthquake Hazards Program. Accessed February 25, 2014, http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/world/events/1960_05_22.php.]
9. When the Chilean earthquake occurred in 1960, seismographs recorded seismic waves that traveled around the world. These seismic waves shook the entire earth for many days.^[U.S. Geological Survey. "Earthquake Facts." Earthquake Hazards Program. Accessed February 26, 2014, http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/facts.php.]
10. An undersea earthquake in the Indian Ocean triggered a series of devastating tsunamis on Dec. 26, 2004. The tsunamis struck the coasts of most landmasses bordering the Indian Ocean, bringing 100-foot waves and killing over 225,000 people in 11 countries.^[Lay, T., Kanamori, H., Ammon, C., Nettles, M., Ward, S., Aster, R., Beck, S., Bilek, S., Brudzinski, M., Butler, R., DeShon, H., Ekström, G., Satake, K., Sipkin, S., The Great Sumatra-Andaman Earthquake of 26 December 2004, Science, 308, 1127–1133, doi:10.1126/science.1112250, 2005.]
11. Alaska is the most earthquake-prone state and one of the most seismically active regions in the world. The region experiences a magnitude 7.0 earthquake almost every year and a magnitude 8.0 or greater earthquake approximately once every 14 years.^[U.S. Geological Survey. "Top Earthquake States." Earthquake Hazards Program. http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/states/top_states.php#alaska (accessed February 26, 2014).]